If we are getting into the root cause it is not apathy but resignation.
Chalta hai attitude is because a person cannot make any change - in government, family or society - without putting their lives at risk. This is equivalent to asking someone in the US to make changes when it comes to healthcare sector or electoral funding.
Once you have fought enough battles and lost you grow weary of anyone trying to bring about a change. This is the same resignation seen in the parent's comment about nothing in India changing - they have absolutely no way to make any impact and they have resigned
That still has nothing to do with police's ability or willingness to enforce ban on plastics.
Does a software company focus on improving just one aspect of their software or during any time progress is made on several fronts? Why is it that governments (specially the ones in developing countries) are expected to make progress in only one front when there are more specialised departments for each areas?
Having come from a similar background, I can offer you these suggestions -
1. The level of programming taught in Indian universities is not enough. Writing a sort program is quite different from writing good, maintainable OOP code. Apart from working in a good company, one way to develop this skill (which I feel is critical) is to look and contribute to good open source projects - elasticsearch, spark, etc. Unfortunately I don't know of any good books which teach this overall, apart from specific aspects like Effective Java.
2. Another aspect that I feel is missing in Indian universities is challenging assignments. I would have liked to write my own toy OS to learn systems, or toy kafka to learn distributed systems. The more core computer science fundamentals you master now (preferably through writing code along with learning theory), the better an engineer you will be later.
3. Another aspect that is lacking is the way to reason through things. Indian universities have a third-person approach on the lines of "the experts do things this way so we will just do it this way", on the contrary in a US university the reasoning is more on the lines of "we use to do X, that had Y limitations. So we moved on to Z, now your assignment is to design an extension to Z (say Z+) which solves YY limitation". Unfortunately, I don't know what can be done to improve the way we reason about things.
4. Don't forget to explore different areas. I started with computer graphics, moved on to compilers, then app development, then data engineering, then infrastructure development, then back to data engineering.
Chalta hai attitude is because a person cannot make any change - in government, family or society - without putting their lives at risk. This is equivalent to asking someone in the US to make changes when it comes to healthcare sector or electoral funding.
Once you have fought enough battles and lost you grow weary of anyone trying to bring about a change. This is the same resignation seen in the parent's comment about nothing in India changing - they have absolutely no way to make any impact and they have resigned
That still has nothing to do with police's ability or willingness to enforce ban on plastics.