Back when I was a student, I had to find a job so I put in a lot of effort.. until I found a job and settled in nicely. Couple years in, I am now familiar with the team and our stack so it takes less effort to keep up to date. I have a lot less free time than before due to the full-time job but I spend a larger percentage of it on unproductive things - lack of motivation when everything is cozy.
My situation has changed a little bit now (due to some deadlines) and though I can find a web developer job more easily, I want to give it my best shot trying to get an ML job, since I have realized I might never do it if I don't do it now.
Luckily I don't have a lot of those negative thoughts/days. I've felt bad a couple of times for wasting too much time on that particular day but I think of the overall progress I've made and get over it pretty quickly.
I didn't mean to sound like that - does allocating time come across that way?
This is something that has frustrated me - I thoroughly enjoy learning new things and these online courses and yet I wasn't spending time on these things. After work, it's a lot easier to just switch on Netflix from the couch and let it autoplay. If they had Udacity on FireTV, I would have probably used that instead of Netflix. I'm thinking this is also because I am mentally spent after work and it takes more to study vs Netflix.
I am in the exact same situation - I am trying to get into machine learning from being a web developer so I am learning a lot of new things too.
After months of not finding time to do courses online, I've been studying between 5-7am for the last couple of weeks.
Previously I would wake up, go straight to work, come back home tired and waste time on Netflix before going to bed.
Now I spend less time for entertainment after work and sleep sooner because I have to wake up early.
This may not help you but thought I would share my experience.
Edit: Reading your question again and looking at the other comment, looks like your question may not be about time management so this may be irrelevant.