I think the reasoning goes: mass underemployment -> discontent -> voting for in-group-identifying representative to fight on their behalf. There may be many black men who have reached the second step, but who view Trump as an outsider (from their perspective) and have not found a substitute representative (i.e., their "black Trump").
It sounds like you are not a good personality match for the other people on the team (and vice versa). Some people are very facts / decision driven and will push their opinions a lot more, whereas you sound like someone who is more receptive / consensus driven. If one team accumulates people who work in one way, anyone who doesn't fit that mold could struggle on the team since the behavior expected of them does not come naturally.
How would you feel about being more pushy with your methods / opinions? You can always push back on feedback in pull requests if you feel your contributions are being suppressed. It sounds like your manager might approve of you being "less nice" this way.
The most important thing to remember is that the intelligence you feel you had is still there in exactly the same place. Just because you cannot show your ability on your current team, it doesn't mean the next team won't think you're amazing.
Have you tried moving within your current company?