nik_s · HackerTrans

hace 3 añosdiscuss

The mitochondria in many cancer cell behave abberantly. For example, in many cases, they can start promoting glycolysis, in process known as the Warburg effect. They're also involved in other processes such as apoptosis and cell migration. I'd hypothesize that these drugs target pathways or processes that are dysregulated in the mitochondria of those cancers.

nik_s

hace 3 añosdiscuss

I think this is a very cynical take. Patients with gastric cancer are often in a dire situation: many of them have had their stomach removed and have generally significant difficulties with digestion, which makes consuming specific foods very difficult. The therapeutically effective doses of ATRA are also high compared to what you'd get from foods, meaning that injections are nearly the only solution for these patients. Finally, naturally derived compounds generally have the weakest patents, so if anything, we should thank these researchers for looking into the therapeutic potential of these drugs. I can assure you that few pharmaceutical companies would research this, as the commercial incentives are really weak to do so.

nik_s

hace 3 añosdiscuss

I work in drug discovery (including in oncological indications), so it's always great to see new research with early, promising results!

To summarize the paper: some gastric cancer models are sensitive to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). ATRA is an active metabolite of vitamin A, and is already used clinically to treat some hematological cancers. The researchers tested the compound at several concentrations on a number of gastric cancer cell lines, where they show moderate to significant reductions in growth (from 30% to 60% reduction). Next, they tested ATRA on xenografted tumor cells on immuno-compromised mice, where they also show a reduction in tumor size. They hypothesize that ATRA exerts its effects through immuno-modulation.

Firstly, very cool, and congrats to the authors - I definitely see first evidence of the potential of ATRA to treat gastric cancer.

While I might have misunderstood some parts, I do think there are some elements that warrant precautions here: 1. we can see that some of the untreated mice also show reduction in tumor size, albeit less significant, meaning there could be issues with the cells or protocol, 2. I find it hard to conclude anything about ATRA exerting its effect through the immune system in a study of cell models and immuno-compromised mice.

Nevertheless, given the frankly poor prognosis of gastric cancer (many patients in early stages of the disease now get their stomach removed, and more often than not, these tumors metastize aggressively), and the well known safety profile of ATRA, I think the study is very welcome, and should warrant further investigation. Given the hypothesized mechanism of action, I think testing on humanized mice, using more and more distinct patient-derived cells would bring convincing proof to move ATRA forward to clinical trials.

nik_s

hace 3 añosdiscuss

While I agree with the general sentiment of your message, there are quite a few meta-analyses on pubmed on the long-term safety and efficacy of gastric bypass surgery. They mostly show that while some patients do end up back obese, the majority do improve on many markers of health (weight, diabetes, ...).

Here's an example of a study if you're interested [1]!

[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29340676/

nik_s

hace 4 añosdiscuss

It can do both - I've edited my original post to show the translation task.

nik_s

hace 4 añosdiscuss

I just tested the model [1] using an RTX3090, trying to translate a french text I found here [2].

Some observations:

- The full translation of the 6:22 minute video takes about 22 seconds (17x real time)

- It recognizes the language by default (and did a good job to recognize it was french audio)

- MIT License [3]!

- The quality of the transcription is good, but not perfect.

- The quality of the translation (if you don't consider transcription errors as a translation error) is generally very good.

---

The transcription:

> Bonjour à tous, <error>j'suis</error> espère que vous allez bien, c''est ENTI. Et aujourd', <error>aujourd',</error> on se retrouve <error>un peu physique</error> pour parler de la termo dynamique. Vous ne vous inquiétez pas, ça va bien se passer. On va y aller ensemble, <error>être à par exemple,</error> je vous accompagne à travers une série de vidéos pour vous expliquer les principes de base en termo dynamique. Et bah, c''est parti, on va y aller tranquillement. Lidée, c''est vous puissiez comprendre la termo dynamique dans son ensemble. Donc, je vais vraiment prendre mon temps pour <error>couplisser</error> bien comprendre les notions,

The translation:

> Hello everyone, I hope you're doing well, it's NT and today we find ourselves a little physical to talk about the thermo dynamic. Don't worry, it's going well, we're going to go together and be the same. I'm going to accompany you through a series of videos to explain the basic principles in thermo dynamic. Well, let's go, <error>we're going to go quietly</error>. The idea is that you can understand the thermo dynamic <error>in sound together</error>. So I'm really going to take my time to understand the notions,

---

All in all very happy that OpenAI is publishing their models. If Stable Diffusion is any guide, people will hack some crazy things with this.

[1] https://github.com/openai/whisper [2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OFLt-KL0K7Y [3] https://github.com/openai/whisper/blob/main/LICENSE

nik_s

hace 4 añosdiscuss

This [1] study was pretty thorough on different fasting lengths. They tested 1422 patients for fasting lengths between 4 and 21 days, with a maximum calorie consumption of 200-250kcal and a moderate-intensity lifestyle program.

It concludes that all fasting lengths are beneficial, and are likely going to result in a) reduction in weight and waist circumference, b) beneficial effects on blood lipids, regulation of sugar and other blood-related parameters, including lower blood sugars and higher ketone body levels, c) an increase in physical and emotional well-being and absence of hunger, d) a high probability of decrease of pre-existing health-complaints, e) very limited chance of side-effects.

[1] https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal...

nik_s

hace 4 añosdiscuss

You can order these drugs in bulk from chemical vendors for research purposes (i.e. non-human use). Chemscene, to name just one, sells Rapamacyn at 1440 USD for 5g.

EDIT: I clearly don't recommend you buying this and taking it by the way. You're never quite sure about the purity nor about how to dose this effectively as a layperson without access to a lab. It's also possibly completely illegal, depending on your local laws.

comments