It's very interesting to see that Actuaries have the lowest divorce rates. Marriage seems to be based more on a good estimation of the partner than whims of liking.
From my understanding what Stallman says is that LLMs don't "understand" what they're saying. They do a probabilistic search of the most appropriate letter (say) that has had come after another letter in the text (or any media) they have been trained on, and they place it similar in resemblance in the text that they produce. This is largely (no pun) dependent on existing data that is there in the world today, and the more the data that LLMs can work through, the better they get at predicting. (Hence the big data center shops today.)
But the limitation is that it cannot "imagine" (as in "imagination is more important than knowledge" by Einstein, who worked on a knowledge problem using imagination, but with the same knowledge resources as his peers.) In this video [1], Stallman talks about his machine trying to understand the "phenomenon" of a physical mechanism, which enables it to "deduce" next steps. I suppose he means it was not doing a probabilistic search on a large dataset to know what should have come next (which makes it human-knowledge dependent), essentially rendering it to an advanced search engine but not AI.
I just summarized the article with GPT, and from what it seems, the points are still valid arguments today...speaking slightly from personal experience.
What I got by reading the paper: loose tumeric powder and polished tumeric root are the main "culprits" because they are contaminated with Lead Chromate (chemical used in paintings for yellow color.)
If you're using branded/packaged tumeric powder, or natural unpolished tumeric root, you're still good as a tumeric consumer in South Asia (though the paper differentiates branded vs packaged tumeric in Table 2, but does not explicitly explain the difference.)
Also, Patna in Bihar is the major source of Lead-adulterated tumeric (in the forms mentioned above) in India, and any exports of tumeric to other places from Patna could be harmful. Lead contamination in Guwahati, Assam is mostly found in imported tumeric from Patna.