React for R(github.com)
github.com
React for R
https://github.com/react-R/reactR
57 comments
Note that this still renders to HTML with JS using V8; it's not entirely in R and components have to be exposed out of JS to R. I thought it would be more similar to the likes of React-Lua where the entire library (+ packages like React-DOM) is rewritten, though still very cool.
This is quite surprising to me. My (admittedly limited) understanding of R is that it's focused on data analysis and graph generation. What need does react solve in that context?
A bit of a tangent but this might be somewhat illuminating: I worked for a big utility company. They needed some economic analysis done on where to best put some transport pipes into the ground, macro granularity (eg smallest unit was a neighborhood).
The team that did the analysis apparently did a great job, so additional requirements were thrown their way: a frontend and an interactive planning module on designing the pipe networks on micro level (smallest unit was a single house)
A year later the absolute maniacs delivered the application. They only knew R and some html/js, so that's what they used.
Cursed as fuck of course, and because they were external they left short after. This was pretty bad for the people left holding the bag; I mostly found it awe inspiring in the "doom running on an electric toothbrush" kinda sense.
The team that did the analysis apparently did a great job, so additional requirements were thrown their way: a frontend and an interactive planning module on designing the pipe networks on micro level (smallest unit was a single house)
A year later the absolute maniacs delivered the application. They only knew R and some html/js, so that's what they used.
Cursed as fuck of course, and because they were external they left short after. This was pretty bad for the people left holding the bag; I mostly found it awe inspiring in the "doom running on an electric toothbrush" kinda sense.
Shiny
R is cursed beyond reason, but traditional software engineers are sleeping on it, IMO. It's very easy for quantitative people that are not software developers to get something done quick. The downside is exactly what you described, most projects are not just the model, they eventually tend to incorporate generic data wrangling, UI/web code, etc, and a general purpose language tends to work better overall.
I have a similar anecdote: I was brought in on a project where a group of terrorists implemented a solution for a TSP-like problem directly in R. We eventually replaced that thing with OR-Tools.
I have a similar anecdote: I was brought in on a project where a group of terrorists implemented a solution for a TSP-like problem directly in R. We eventually replaced that thing with OR-Tools.
+1. I am a software engineer but I double majored in statistics and wrote a lot of R in undergrad. The library ecosystem is incredible. Essentially any technique in statistics has a well-documented R package that is one library() call away.
I keep wondering if I should learn the Python data science ecosystem at some point but it just seems like a waste of time. One of my personal projects is written in Python but calls into R for statistics/plotting.
The language itself however, incredibly cursed.
I keep wondering if I should learn the Python data science ecosystem at some point but it just seems like a waste of time. One of my personal projects is written in Python but calls into R for statistics/plotting.
The language itself however, incredibly cursed.
The same thing can be said about Python. Python itself is not such a great language, especially in terms of performance. However they managed to have every simple package in the world of analytics and ML added to the Python ecosystem, so it is impossible to stop using it.
There's definitely a lot of similarities.
I think of MATLAB, Mathematica, R, and Python together as "practitioner's languages". These are languages that are designed from the core to be highly productive to a specific kind of technical worker (in the sense of developer velocity).
MATLAB for engineering. Mathematica for mathematics. R for statistics. Python for software engineering.
You could also say "Python for ML", of course, and that would be true, but Python is also used for general purpose programming much more than the other three. I think that "Python for software engineering" is more correct.
I think that each of the languages is shaped to the way that its users think about the problems that they want to solve with it.
MATLAB is shaped around linear algebra. Mathematica is a term-rewriting system. R has lots of magic around data and scopes to make the surface syntax for stats nice. Python is shaped like a traditional OOP language but with a pseudocode-like syntax and hooks so that libraries can act magically.
This is kinda half-baked, I'm trying to express this for the first time. But essentially I think that Python is what you get when you have real programmers (^TM) try to create the programming equivalent of something like MATLAB, Mathematica, and R.
And so of course ML, which is a field dominated by real programmers, adopted Python in order to create their ecosystem.
I think of MATLAB, Mathematica, R, and Python together as "practitioner's languages". These are languages that are designed from the core to be highly productive to a specific kind of technical worker (in the sense of developer velocity).
MATLAB for engineering. Mathematica for mathematics. R for statistics. Python for software engineering.
You could also say "Python for ML", of course, and that would be true, but Python is also used for general purpose programming much more than the other three. I think that "Python for software engineering" is more correct.
I think that each of the languages is shaped to the way that its users think about the problems that they want to solve with it.
MATLAB is shaped around linear algebra. Mathematica is a term-rewriting system. R has lots of magic around data and scopes to make the surface syntax for stats nice. Python is shaped like a traditional OOP language but with a pseudocode-like syntax and hooks so that libraries can act magically.
This is kinda half-baked, I'm trying to express this for the first time. But essentially I think that Python is what you get when you have real programmers (^TM) try to create the programming equivalent of something like MATLAB, Mathematica, and R.
And so of course ML, which is a field dominated by real programmers, adopted Python in order to create their ecosystem.
Generally agree, though Mathematica is for physics, I rarely saw it used by mathematicians, especially compared with MATLAB, which was closer to the programming language of choice. That or Julia were both more common.
> I think that Python is what you get when you have real programmers (^TM) try to create the programming equivalent of something like MATLAB, Mathematica, and R.
I think this is a better description of Julia tbh, at least relative to MATLAB.
> I think that Python is what you get when you have real programmers (^TM) try to create the programming equivalent of something like MATLAB, Mathematica, and R.
I think this is a better description of Julia tbh, at least relative to MATLAB.
I believe the advantage of Python for the domain of ML is just how easy it is to take tested C and Fortran code and add it as a bona-fide software engineering package. In other words, it is a language that allows standard scientific software to be consumed according to the latest software development trends.
I guess I should also mention Inform7 for interactive fiction as another example. That is an extremely weird language. It's shaped to the minds of fiction authors, who are very, very different from software engineers.
> R is cursed beyond reason
Why would you say that?
Why would you say that?
One concrete example: R has 5 distinct, actively maintained class systems, at least 3 of which are somewhat commonly used for new projects. I.e., there are 3+ reasonable ways to declare a class, and the class will have different semantics for object access, method calling and dispatch, etc. depending on which one you choose.
Another: R can’t losslessly represent JSON because 1 and [1] are identical. That’s a float (well, float vector) literal by the way, the corresponding int literal is 1L, though ints are very prone to being silently converted to float anyway.
Another: R can’t losslessly represent JSON because 1 and [1] are identical. That’s a float (well, float vector) literal by the way, the corresponding int literal is 1L, though ints are very prone to being silently converted to float anyway.
The R development community is (was?) consciously focused on single operator managing their stuff on their workstation.
Considerations like repeatable procedures, reliable package heirarchies, etc. were clearly and more or less politely Not Interesting. I spent several years with one of my tasks being an attempt to get the R package universe into Gentoo, and later to RPM packages.
I wouldn't say the R devel community was rude about it, but the systems-administration view of how to maintain the language was just not on their radar.
At the time I was trying to provide a reliable taxonomy of packages to a set of research machines at a good sized university. Eventually, I gave up on any solution that involved system package managers, or repeatability. :)
So if you're a researcher driving your own train, R is freakin' FANTASTIC. If you're the SA attempting to let that researchers' department neighbors do the same thing on their workstations, anticipate fun.
Considerations like repeatable procedures, reliable package heirarchies, etc. were clearly and more or less politely Not Interesting. I spent several years with one of my tasks being an attempt to get the R package universe into Gentoo, and later to RPM packages.
I wouldn't say the R devel community was rude about it, but the systems-administration view of how to maintain the language was just not on their radar.
At the time I was trying to provide a reliable taxonomy of packages to a set of research machines at a good sized university. Eventually, I gave up on any solution that involved system package managers, or repeatability. :)
So if you're a researcher driving your own train, R is freakin' FANTASTIC. If you're the SA attempting to let that researchers' department neighbors do the same thing on their workstations, anticipate fun.
I think this SA perspective is outdated or perhaps never adequately investigated. Packages like renv solve for these issues, and they work great.
As someone who uses Python, R, Go, Rust, Fortran, and Java...
I would never write a full stack application in R. Terrible maintainability.
I would never write a full stack application in R. Terrible maintainability.
I would have said this a year ago but R is a language for statisticians and not software engineers. It took me forever to understand this.
Statistical Rethinking by McElreath is really what finally got me to see the value of R.
You can find the python versions of the class and they are certainly not better.
A full application in R really makes absolutely no sense.
Statistical Rethinking by McElreath is really what finally got me to see the value of R.
You can find the python versions of the class and they are certainly not better.
A full application in R really makes absolutely no sense.
I've wrapped R to python before. That was okay, a bit stilted but still could take to production if absolutely necessary.
You're 100% right that R is great for data scientists (my background) for frontier level academic implementations as well as toy/simple models. It's generally a poor runtime for computation and suffers from much of the same issues as Python for data quality and typing. Python is better for battle-hardened type stuff, has better debugging tools for certain.
R _can_ be done well, but the juice isn't worth the squeeze typically.
You're 100% right that R is great for data scientists (my background) for frontier level academic implementations as well as toy/simple models. It's generally a poor runtime for computation and suffers from much of the same issues as Python for data quality and typing. Python is better for battle-hardened type stuff, has better debugging tools for certain.
R _can_ be done well, but the juice isn't worth the squeeze typically.
as a maniac who has written a full stack application in R: I agree. It is easy to get something out of the door quickly for the average R user, but maintenance will show you quickly how brittle everything is.
Hello fellow maniac!
Glad to hear the agreement. Little small projects are so fun. Stadium-sized pools full of spaghetti less so!
Glad to hear the agreement. Little small projects are so fun. Stadium-sized pools full of spaghetti less so!
I'm in this picture, and I'm begging my collaborators to move to Julia or Python.
in addition to neighbor, there are multiple standards for everything, even core language features like objects, which makes reasoning about code difficult. dplyr and friends, which make the aforementioned data analysis easier, require interacting with one of the least consistent metaprogramming systems I've ever dealt with.
As an R developer, I can deeply relate to this. People that use R as the mother language are probably from academia. They can be very good at data analysis and scripting, but usually have no idea of software development. They have few knowledge about versioning, modularization, documentation, and testing, which can lead to issues when they develop production-level R packages and Shiny applications.
On the flip side, R developers with strong software development skills can be incredibly valuable in academic settings.
On the flip side, R developers with strong software development skills can be incredibly valuable in academic settings.
I have a friend who left tech after 15 years to go back and get a CS phd. He ended up with a permanent job being the only "software guy" on a team of like exclusively math and physics post-docs. I'm still a little fuzzy on his day-to-day but I think it's basically just having enough of a handle on the research math to effectively product manage all the gnarly research code they produce. It sounds both frustrating and fun.
It can be frustrating if those post-docs underestimate the time cost and engineering complexity of software development. They would complain why it takes so long for your friend to "just" change a button in some app.
Everything you say explains why R is a great language in academia, and why people in research will stay away from "software engineering"-oriented languages like Java and JavaScript. Researchers already have too much to worry about.
I agree that researchers usually don’t need to worry about software engineering because their code is often simple, used only for one paper, and intended for personal use. But for large-scale research involving multiple researchers, users, and datasets, software engineering mindset can be beneficial in the long term.
In R, you can build Single Page Applications with Shiny, created by Posit https://shiny.posit.co/ It is very useful, if you don't know HTML,JS,CSS and want to create an interactive dashboard, showcasing your analysis, models, visualizations, or even to create an internal tool for your organization.
It seems that reactR provides functions for building react components directly from R that can be used in Shiny apps.
It seems that reactR provides functions for building react components directly from R that can be used in Shiny apps.
Shiny is an R package that is quite popular for building data analysis web tools, I suppose this would be a useful extension for it! Despite R tending to give people 'the ick' it regardless seems to have become quite a solid platform for building web apps
I wouldn’t want to deploy a Shjny app externally (although loads of people seem to do so with no problems) but for internal tools it’s incredible. You can make reactive dashboards and analysis tools with no plumbing - just refer to an input when specifying your charts/outputs and they will be automatically plumbed and update automatically.
I agree that it's perhaps not the most robust choice, but at least for my field (bioinformatics) it's a good balance between accessibility and performance. That being said, in most cases when I come across a paper >1 year old presenting the latest-and-greatest Shiny web app, it is wholey broken when I try to use it :|
Is it because they stopped paying for Shinyapps.io? Or they exhausted the free usage monthly quota. In my experience these are the common reasons. If they did not update the app, there is no reason for it stop working. I have apps running fine and they were created 3-4 years ago.
yeah works well enough for a small pool of users
I agree; It’s excellent for rapid prototyping, as its easy to learn/develop and time to deployment is incredibly fast, especially with Posit Connect. However, it’s not ideal for handling hundreds of concurrent users.
Shiny is a great package. Not unlike R (and PHP back in the day) it was made by people that were not necessarily great programmers who wanted something to get up and running quickly. Lowering the bar to entry made sacrifices to performance, security, and consistency. However, you can punch above your weight class if you're a researcher who barely knows R and Python with Shiny.
That being said, if you're investing time to learn React and dealing with all its pitfalls to use with R, you might as well just go all in with React at that point.
That being said, if you're investing time to learn React and dealing with all its pitfalls to use with R, you might as well just go all in with React at that point.
The bigger picture is the "democratization" of data science [1], not as an academic pursuit by white coat researchers (which was the main early use case for R) but embedded in day-to-day operations in organizations of all sizes. "Apps" (web or mobile) is how this embedding is done. Reactivity is an important consideration when deploying a complex screen with many visible data elements and visualizations.
The problem is how to increase the efficiency with which back-end developments (by technical people) get rolled-out to the end-user base. There are countless ways to do this of-course. The more technical resources one has available (e.g. knowledge of different stacks etc.), the more options. But when resources are scarce one is tempted to look for the (possibly only perceived) efficiency of a "full stack" approach.
[1] a loose term which nevertheless reflects something very real: the widespread use of data in society for all sorts of purposes
The problem is how to increase the efficiency with which back-end developments (by technical people) get rolled-out to the end-user base. There are countless ways to do this of-course. The more technical resources one has available (e.g. knowledge of different stacks etc.), the more options. But when resources are scarce one is tempted to look for the (possibly only perceived) efficiency of a "full stack" approach.
[1] a loose term which nevertheless reflects something very real: the widespread use of data in society for all sorts of purposes
Cursed in your view because it’s not Python?
When I've dealt with R in production, cursed meant:
- Difficult to keep package versioning, even with "renv".
- If an analyst decide to use a single function from the "tidyverse", you have a tons of dependencies.
- Large docker images (1G+) due to packages like "devtools" and very large dependency tree for the "productivity packages" (see above).
- Hard to communicate with the process. With luck, you can set it up and work with 'r-script' [1]. Without luck, stdout from process or simple files for io.
In the end, to have a nice webapp, we ended up rewriting the R code into typescript. Julia don´t solve this also, as you have a hard time to set it up to communicate with other things. It seems that we can´t avoid the "2 or 3 languages" problem if you don´t use python.
[1] https://www.npmjs.com/package/r-script
In the end, to have a nice webapp, we ended up rewriting the R code into typescript. Julia don´t solve this also, as you have a hard time to set it up to communicate with other things. It seems that we can´t avoid the "2 or 3 languages" problem if you don´t use python.
[1] https://www.npmjs.com/package/r-script
Single functions and libraries can easily be imported in R, just like Python. It’s not necessary though, because the R community does a good job avoiding name conflicts (MASS aside).
I think the core issue is that the coordination benefits of having everyone use Python are overestimated, and the benefit of better statistical tools in R and SWE skilling up in statistics is underestimated.
I think the core issue is that the coordination benefits of having everyone use Python are overestimated, and the benefit of better statistical tools in R and SWE skilling up in statistics is underestimated.
> It’s not necessary though, because the R community does a good job avoiding name conflicts
That has not at all been my experience. Loading the tidyverse pulls over 1000 things into your global namespace and clobbers several standard library functions in the process. Never mind that seemingly every single package has its own "filter" function.
When you start getting different results based on the order you import packages it's usually a bad sign.
That has not at all been my experience. Loading the tidyverse pulls over 1000 things into your global namespace and clobbers several standard library functions in the process. Never mind that seemingly every single package has its own "filter" function.
When you start getting different results based on the order you import packages it's usually a bad sign.
Completely understand the annoyance of different results on order of package import. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/conflicted/ goes some way to solving this.
Maybe its because you load tidyverse, which is a library of libraries, instead of loading only what you need? It seems like an issue related to your understanding of the tidyverse rather than R.
I understand the tidyverse perfectly well. Unfortunately it's become a habit of R users to import it at the top of every R script without thinking of the consequences of other users/maintainers.
Yes, because tidyverse should be called tidycurse. It's designed to be easy to teach, under the assumption that ALL you learn is tidycurse. Just don't use it!
Use datatable instead.
Use datatable instead.
The poorman package (on CRAN) implements a lot of tidyverse with no dependencies. Other packages that provide alternate implementations are datawizard and tidytable.
Python has not really solved this either... For one thing it barely exists on mobile.
As someone who is a data analyst, I am constantly reminded of the huge amount of necessary context needed to trust results from any analysis. I know that I lack some of that context, yet I also know that so do my collaborators on mathematical or computational aspects. A Shiny app makes it easy to get something in the face of everyone so we all can come to a consensus about what is useful and actionable.
Data visualization! Web is the go-to format for interactive data visualizations nowadays. This package is targeted at other package developers looking to integrate the abundant wealth of React-based data viz libraries into R. Check out https://quarto.org/ for an example of a popular way users publish their data analyses as reports.
(This package isn't really meant to be used directly by the typical user)
(This package isn't really meant to be used directly by the typical user)
People who work with R for data analysis want to put their results on the web, even in the form of full web apps, without necessarily learning the full stack of front end technologies. Frameworks like Shiny offer the promise of writing web apps in the language they already know. In my experience watching this play out from the sidelines, it only ends in tears. But, technology progresses, and maybe it'll get better.
It's spreading... grab a torch! Only fire will keep it at bay!
I hope the torch pun is intentional. It should be, because, really, Python should replace R, because R won't replace Python, but, as you can see, it very much attempts to.
This is a false dichotomy. There is more than enough room for both languages, and R is not attempting to replace python
Every day we stray further away from God.
Jokes aside. Cool. Just wish it was Svelte.
“React for R Shiny” is more accurate
(It's revolting and I love it.)
Cursed