It's highly unusual to see someone for 6 months and not realize that they're still living with their spouse and kids. Even if the other person tells you it's not the case.
>But to claim that Stimulants are the only cognitive enhancers especially when you seem to've done some basic research... why?
>Now - to your point: are any of these life changing? In damaged individuals, perhaps. Alas like you said in healthy young adults, many of these substances will produce either mild improvements or no improvements at all save for extreme neurological outliers.
I'm only addressing perceptible cognitive enhancement with regards to otherwise healthy + young individuals (the target demo of the products listed in the article). I've gone through every study on examine.com for all the usual suspects (racetams, choline, rhodiola, bacopa etc) and have even tried them all personally for ~6 months. I feel pretty confident in saying that they are worthless for people in that demo.
Garbage article. There are no "brain enhancers", only stimulants, both commonly used (coffee, tea etc) and pharmaceutical (amphetamines et al). Look up Bacopa on examine.com, specifically the studies on Memory Enhancement. For the ones with participants in the target (aka non-old) group of 18-45, it's about 50-50. After supplementing over several months.