I believe they are suggesting that the above comment "Short of a oscilloscope hiding in the computer you use" might not be so far fetched. The hardware needed to do the type of analysis used for this attack has been around a long time and is presumably very cheap at scale. So if for example a nation/company that has control over the manufacture of a large number of USB controllers decided they wanted to be able to do this kind of power analysis on all USB devices plugged into their controllers they could do so easily.
Esentially adding a micro controller with an Analog to Digital converter that can watch the power pin inside the USB controller/port itself would be relatively simple and cheap.
It would appear in this specific case, you would still need a qualified professional to insert the drug soaked 'sponge' and cover the hole. So if this makes it to market it would just be the latest and greatest new tool for dentists to repair tooth decay.
As far as lobbyists blocking innovation to protect their industries 'status quo.' Yes I imagine it happens quite a bit. For example there is a strong lobby to keep tax forms and processes complicated and unfriendly to normal people so that companies whose bread and butter is helping you fill out your taxes each year can stay in business.
20% is very low. We use machine transcription at work, and although the per-word confidence of machine algorithms varies wildly given the quality of the audio and the speaker's mannerisms. It can easily get into the 80% range with good audio, especially televised audio where people are close to microphones and there is not a lot of non-speech noise.