> Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from measured weight and height and categorized into 4 groups (<18.5, 18.5–24.9, 25–29.9, and ≥30 kg/m2). Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, or the use of antihypertensive medication. Diabetes was identified through self-reported diagnosis, medication usage, and registry records. The intake of lipid-lowering drugs was self-reported. Baseline blood lipoproteins were only available in 4,549 participants and, therefore, not included as covariates. The APOE genotype was determined based on 2 single-nucleotide variants, rs429358 and rs7412, which define the ε2, ε3, and ε4 alleles. Participants carrying at least 1 ε4 allele were classified as APOE ε4 carriers.
The most magical part of this transform is the search! First learned about this in a bioalgorithms course, and the really cool property is that for a string length l, you can search for the string in O(l) time. It has the same search time complexity of a suffix tree with O(n) space complexity (with a very low constant multiple). To this day it may be the coolest algorithm I've encountered.
One of the most unambiguously good things Biden did during his term is appoint the actual most aggressive antitrust individual in the modern political environment to be head of the FTC, and a similar profile in Jonathan Kanter to the DOJ.
Mostly because In the 1980's the mergers guidelines at the FTC were dramatically narrowed explicitly to reduce antitrust enforcement and allow consolidation. It basically kicked off the wave of Corporate Raiders like Carl Icahn that dominated the 80s financial world (Gordon Gecko was based of this model of individual). Since then we've seen consistent, steady consolidation of almost every industry.
Matt Stoller writes about this frequently, and does an incredible job highlighting everywhere it's happening and what the downstream consequences are. I'm surprised he's not more popular on HN.
PBS Spacetime has a fantastic video on the Higgs Field that explains it about one level deeper that typical pop science, and answers some of the questions I'm seeing in this thread, include "why did the field switch on suddenly?" and "Why is the Higgs Field different from other fields"
> Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from measured weight and height and categorized into 4 groups (<18.5, 18.5–24.9, 25–29.9, and ≥30 kg/m2). Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, or the use of antihypertensive medication. Diabetes was identified through self-reported diagnosis, medication usage, and registry records. The intake of lipid-lowering drugs was self-reported. Baseline blood lipoproteins were only available in 4,549 participants and, therefore, not included as covariates. The APOE genotype was determined based on 2 single-nucleotide variants, rs429358 and rs7412, which define the ε2, ε3, and ε4 alleles. Participants carrying at least 1 ε4 allele were classified as APOE ε4 carriers.