The existence of the Virginia Plan (the Large State Plan) and the New Jersey Plan (the Small State Plan) indicates that balancing the differing interests of high- and low- population states was a prominent concern of the founders. I think they would expect states to often align by population size since that very thing occurring at the convention led to the compromise written into the Constitution.
https://www-users.cse.umn.edu/~arnold/disasters/Patriot-dhar...
https://www.gao.gov/assets/imtec-92-26.pdf