I'm pretty certain they do. AMD's PSP and Intel's ME are really shady and are still enabled in every CPU sold today (and full of disclosed and undisclosed flaws for that matter).
I love the clojure community efforts, but clojure.spec is so confusing and bloat-y to me. :(
It reminds me of Frama-C and specification of C programs, which isn't exactly what I would want to do all the time to have some safety guarantees on my program. I feel that a strong type system would provide way more benefits.
You are right regarding the dynamic language, well, dynamic. I haven't put any thought into it and I can't come up with a viable solution of eliminating nil without some type system strategy (Maybe/Either Monads in Haskell, Option in Rust, etc). It's kind of a bummer, because I love the Lisp dialect of Clojure, but really appreciate software projects that I've written in the past that don't crash due to a forgotten potential nil value handling.