Ask HN: How to Build an iPhone App in 2020?
15 comments
Use Swift. Go native or go home.
I've prototyped apps with React Native, and it was a dependency nightmare. More time was spent researching and hacking in fixes and dealing with upgrading the app to the latest version than actually building the app.
In contrast, we have an iOS app that was build 11 years ago, and it still runs flawlessly on the latest iOS version. Apple supports their environment, whereas, in ReactNative, even minor versions introduce breaking changes.
Hybrid mobile solutions are a nightmare, unless you're building a basic crud app that doesn't interact with the hardware on the phone. But at that point, just build a solid mobile web applications.
I've prototyped apps with React Native, and it was a dependency nightmare. More time was spent researching and hacking in fixes and dealing with upgrading the app to the latest version than actually building the app.
In contrast, we have an iOS app that was build 11 years ago, and it still runs flawlessly on the latest iOS version. Apple supports their environment, whereas, in ReactNative, even minor versions introduce breaking changes.
Hybrid mobile solutions are a nightmare, unless you're building a basic crud app that doesn't interact with the hardware on the phone. But at that point, just build a solid mobile web applications.
This was my experience with Xamarin. It was easy to get started, but then it was nearly impossible to get the "finer points" working just right. Instead of just doing "x" I was fighting the tools to get "y" to do "x", with that extra level abstraction sometimes requiring custom code to generate the right native output.
I second this. SwiftUI 2.0 is nearly out and it's a huge improvement and far easier, faster and more enjoyable than React Native. Swift itself is one of the more productive languages around IMO and it can be learned gradually, it's a complex language but you can be productive using just a subset of it. Open XCode, select a starter template and away you go, no fiddling with npm dependencies or a bunch of cocoapods and objc bridging code.
First option: PWA
Second option: Ionic
Third option: if using web-based/hybrid cannot give you the features you need (which I seriously question) then vendor native is the way to go (Kotlin/Android Studio for Android, Swift/Xcode for iOS).
Forget cross-platform options like Flutter, React Native, or Xamarin: they give you short term POC success at the cost of doubling the effort to deliver a MVP if you hit any edge cases not covered by their 80/20 approach.
Second option: Ionic
Third option: if using web-based/hybrid cannot give you the features you need (which I seriously question) then vendor native is the way to go (Kotlin/Android Studio for Android, Swift/Xcode for iOS).
Forget cross-platform options like Flutter, React Native, or Xamarin: they give you short term POC success at the cost of doubling the effort to deliver a MVP if you hit any edge cases not covered by their 80/20 approach.
Just curious why pwa compared to react native or flutter
PWA doesn't compare to React Native or Flutter as PWA is a web application whereas React Native and Flutter are cross-platform native widget approaches.
The problem for React Native (and Xamarin) is that the more layers of abstraction you have the more layers that can get out of sync with the native OS. Xamarin and React Native take cross-platform UI definitions and map those onto native UI widgets and it's not unusual to run into problems with the abstraction mapping as expected and debugging is an exercise in frustration.
Flutter is different animal in that it's not using native UI widgets but is a complete stack. My imperfect analogy: React Native/Xamarin is like bringing a translator with you to a restaurant to help you order: will probably work but there are edge cases. Flutter is like bringing your own kitchen staff, kitchen equipment, and food... as long as that's not prohibited you'll get exactly what you expected. In theory this works just fine but there's no guarantee that Apple won't protect it's walled garden (eg: keep your people, food, and cooking gear out of our kitchen!) by banning apps that bring their own Skia canvas and "runtime." Even if that doesn't happen there's the issue that you might not have all of widgets you want or need (though as time passes this is less of an issue).
With cross-platform solutions you are on your own if things don't work: you cannot contact Apple and get help because the official answer is "Apps for iOS are written in Swift or Objective-C in Xcode."
And yes I'm jaded after spending several years doing work with Xamarin and looking at React Native and finally deciding that betting on the web (PWA or Hybrid) is the way to go: HTML5 works the same on all mobile platforms (and in the case of iOS if your needed features aren't available with PWA the code and time need to convert that to a hybrid Ionic app is shockingly minimal).
EDIT: Ever since Ionic switched from the legacy Cordova base for hybrid to their Capacitor project it's possible to mix fully platform native UIViews in with your hybrid app with minimal fuss just in case you need a feature set that requires "going straight to the metal" for part of your mobile app.
The problem for React Native (and Xamarin) is that the more layers of abstraction you have the more layers that can get out of sync with the native OS. Xamarin and React Native take cross-platform UI definitions and map those onto native UI widgets and it's not unusual to run into problems with the abstraction mapping as expected and debugging is an exercise in frustration.
Flutter is different animal in that it's not using native UI widgets but is a complete stack. My imperfect analogy: React Native/Xamarin is like bringing a translator with you to a restaurant to help you order: will probably work but there are edge cases. Flutter is like bringing your own kitchen staff, kitchen equipment, and food... as long as that's not prohibited you'll get exactly what you expected. In theory this works just fine but there's no guarantee that Apple won't protect it's walled garden (eg: keep your people, food, and cooking gear out of our kitchen!) by banning apps that bring their own Skia canvas and "runtime." Even if that doesn't happen there's the issue that you might not have all of widgets you want or need (though as time passes this is less of an issue).
With cross-platform solutions you are on your own if things don't work: you cannot contact Apple and get help because the official answer is "Apps for iOS are written in Swift or Objective-C in Xcode."
And yes I'm jaded after spending several years doing work with Xamarin and looking at React Native and finally deciding that betting on the web (PWA or Hybrid) is the way to go: HTML5 works the same on all mobile platforms (and in the case of iOS if your needed features aren't available with PWA the code and time need to convert that to a hybrid Ionic app is shockingly minimal).
EDIT: Ever since Ionic switched from the legacy Cordova base for hybrid to their Capacitor project it's possible to mix fully platform native UIViews in with your hybrid app with minimal fuss just in case you need a feature set that requires "going straight to the metal" for part of your mobile app.
Agreed.
Facebook app is completely made with react native no doubt it does get slow
> Facebook app is completely made with react native
I don't think thats true unless it's changed, it's mostly Objective-C with some React Native views. It's slow because it's a bloated, poorly-written mess.
I don't think thats true unless it's changed, it's mostly Objective-C with some React Native views. It's slow because it's a bloated, poorly-written mess.
I recommend you Let's build that app Podcast course[1]
It's a paid course, but will give you source code and save you a lot of time, the instructor has a Youtube channel[2] with the same name, in case you want to check his content first and see if you like it.
[1]https://www.letsbuildthatapp.com/course/Podcast
[2]https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuP2vJ6kRutQBfRmdcI92mA
It's a paid course, but will give you source code and save you a lot of time, the instructor has a Youtube channel[2] with the same name, in case you want to check his content first and see if you like it.
[1]https://www.letsbuildthatapp.com/course/Podcast
[2]https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuP2vJ6kRutQBfRmdcI92mA
Thanks for this -- will check it out! Have you taken this course yourself?
If performance is an issue then native tools such as Java, Swift or even C# are indeed the way to go. My own experience with C#/Xamarin on iPhone 6 was that it was very performant, in excess of what I anticipated. A specific example. I built a Uber type app using the Google iOS SDK.
It held all UK addresses (out of 29 million and 350,000 points of interest-ATMS, supermarkets, railway stations etc) within a 25 mile radius cached in RAM. Scrolling the map with your fingers, it used the lat/lng of the screen centre and was able to search the in-RAM addresses to return the street the map was over as a String. This matched what the map was displaying.
If you did a search of an address as it was typed character by character, within 1/10th of a second it could return the top 100 matching addresses, sorted by proximity. I challenge anyone to do that in JavaScript!
It held all UK addresses (out of 29 million and 350,000 points of interest-ATMS, supermarkets, railway stations etc) within a 25 mile radius cached in RAM. Scrolling the map with your fingers, it used the lat/lng of the screen centre and was able to search the in-RAM addresses to return the street the map was over as a String. This matched what the map was displaying.
If you did a search of an address as it was typed character by character, within 1/10th of a second it could return the top 100 matching addresses, sorted by proximity. I challenge anyone to do that in JavaScript!
If you can learn both and can do without serving android users for a long long time, choose Swift. Use RN if only you'll need to serve both right in the first 2-3 years.
On the first glance, RN is less reliable and has performance issues. But mature apps are able to build enough to make sure these aren't issues any more.
We shifted our app from Native Android to RN. Today, it gives native like experience, have extremely fast dev times and can port it for iOS as well. But for around six months or so, the app had all these issues.
On the first glance, RN is less reliable and has performance issues. But mature apps are able to build enough to make sure these aren't issues any more.
We shifted our app from Native Android to RN. Today, it gives native like experience, have extremely fast dev times and can port it for iOS as well. But for around six months or so, the app had all these issues.
If you want good app that feels like "a native citizen": Xcode and native tools.
If I am looking to build an app like Breaker (https://www.breaker.audio/) in 2020, what are the best practices and starting points that could be helpful?