Some camera manufacturers offer software that uses your mirrorless camera to emulate a webcam without requiring a capture card.
For example, Fujifilm's X Webcam software[1] would allow the author to connect his X-S10 to his PC using a USB-C cable, and use it as a webcam. The downside is X Webcam lacks support for Linux.
I used this to my advantage awhile ago when I needed rent a moving truck. Penske called me about 30 minutes after I abandoned their online rental process. After a bit of back-and-forth about why I aborted the rental, Penske offered me a discount that beat their competitor's price.
I've since used this technique a few times to my advantage when renting trucks. So, it can be a downside for the business if customers catch on, unless it's considered part of doing business.
You can only infer that as the result of court case demanding logs. And even then, it would have to be born out of the discovery process that PIA was truthful, in my opinion. Yet that only gives you comfort that they hadn't maintained logs up to that point. You have no guarantees from that point forward, which is what we're all concerned about. We aren't concerned about PIA's past operations, but rather what this new partnership means for their future behavior.
I realize your question is most likely rhetorical, but I felt the need to articulate my concerns.