Passive investing is not an issue, but the default bias towards large cap equities like SP500, Nasdaq100. Passive investing through total market ETFs (like VTI) maintains the status quo.
For example, if they are only two companies, say with 1T and 4T market cap. If one invests 5M into a total market ETF, 1M is allocated to company A and 4M to company B. But since company B is 4x bigger than company A, the upward price pressure is the same for both companies.
curious how much of the growth is solely due to renewals since the cap on first time H1-Bs has stayed the same at 85k per year.
the green card queue is severely backlogged for India (and to some extent China, Mexico). this causes people who would usually get a green card after 3-5 years be on a continuous H1-B renewal cycle every 3 years.
this is a well-studied tradeoff with immigration. high-skilled immigration helps US economy and innovation but low-skilled immigration depresses wages for citizens. you are making this distinction for a narrow case i.e. tech.
RSUs are treated as cash income at vest and taxed at same rates.
Stock buybacks benefit general shareholders (i.e. beyond employees) since they push up stock value without causing a taxable event. The alternative is dividends which are immediately taxed.