Honestly this stands contrary to almost every principle of fair use (transformative work of different character for the purpose of comment, parody etc.).
Google took tons of APIs from a platform and implemented them into... a platform.
If you think designing thousands of classes is not substantial that's a very different argument, different from fair use.
Fair use means yes, APIs are copyrightable, but this is transformative use. And, to anyone with a clue in software dev... no it's not.
It's basically like taking someone else's script as-is and shooting a movie from it, and the court deeming this use of a script "fair use".
> "Google copied approximately 11,500 lines of declaring code from the API, which amounts to virtually all the declaring code needed to call up hundreds of different tasks. Those 11,500 lines, however, are only 0.4 percent of the entire API at issue, which consists of 2.86 million total lines. In considering “the amount and substantiality of the portion used” in this case, the 11,500 lines of code should be viewed as one small part of the considerably greater whole. As part of an interface, the copied lines of code are inextricably bound to other lines of code that are accessed by programmers. Google copied these lines not because of their creativity or beauty but because they would allow programmers to bring their skills to a new smartphone computing environment."
> Sanity prevailed! This judgment could have had devastating consequences and turned software development into a copyright nightmare.
This judgment is the equivalent of someone taking a movie script, shooting a new movie out of it without changing a word, and the court declaring this "fair use" of the script.
Software development wouldn't have turned into a nightmare unless you decide to steal a platform. Which most people don't need to do in order to do their work.
Every pure function is part of a bigger machine that's eventually mutable state, or by definition that pure function has no reason to exist. Ergo, cache invalidation is hard.
This is funny, because the universe has so much compute available, every particle spawns a new universe millions of times a second, and it's still nowhere close to running out of compute.
24 - 8 = 16