Exactly at the equator the sun is directly overhead (90 degrees) at a single time point (close to 12 on depending on where you are within the time zone) every single day
The only thing that varies over the year is the path it takes to get there. At the solstices (summer/winter) the path curvature is maximal while t the equinoxes (spring/fall) it is a straight line.
The argument is that on a hard money standard, the US government would simply not be able to spend as much as it has, because it would not ne able to print money as it has been doing.
Rail lines in the US were not great examples of this. Many towns refused to grant right of way to the rail unless a stop was added which basically forced passengers to change trains. As a result, there’s were so many changes it took two to three days to get from say, Chicago to NYC when it should have taken no longer than a day
When you owe the bank money, they round up.