It's a defence mechanism, I think. Most of your life people tell you your lazy, weird, etc. These things become part of your identity and they hurt and hold you back. ADHD is a problem with solutions so replacing those internalized labels helps. Even if it's not the most healthy solution.
The system knows to serve you ads about the new topic because it's new. You're already getting ads for the stuff you're normally talking about. The new topic stands out easily.
It doesn't have to be your phone. Could be your TV or any other device.
Most importantly there's just patterns of behavior. Companies are absolutely desperate for every scrap of data they can get on you. Why would they not capture audio from your mic?
Since it's so difficult to solve all social issues we shouldn't waste any effort trying. There's no ponit in having morals or even independent thought if we're being honest.
I use my ereader for entertainment and paper books for technical information.
I'm not really a book person though. I don't think owning a bunch of physical books makes me smarter and I don't particularly like the look of shelves upon shelves of books.
I always try to find some negative but thorough anecdotes about the new tech. Either where it is known to fall short or even better some unexpected issues.
To me, #5 is calling out developers that write sloppy, thoughtless and obviously inefficient code and then claim premature optimization when someone comments on the quality of that code.