> Do you mean a username that is distinct from email or phone number?
No, he means a unique user id, generated by the server when you sign up for the service. Then for every login attempt, you provide the username/email + user id + password.
> Yes, the Germanic tribesmen were climate refugees.
Not quite. Those germanic tribes were fleeing the huns. The crossing of the danube in 376 by the goths (as war refugees) and the crossing of the rhine in the winter 405/406 by the alans and vandals (as invaders) allowed them to escape the huns.
There were extreme climate events recorded in the late antiquity, but that happened more than one century later. For example, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_winter_of_536
The Justinian plague occurred 541-549, amplifying the problems of the byzantine empire.
Returning to the germans, also in the late antiquity, there is an obscure and unexplained event, in the period 500-550 the vistula and elbe basins were depopulated. Germans migrated from those places or they perished there.
I think the OP argument is: if you have less energy available, then you will manufacture fewer things. Hence the advice to seek long lasting, energy efficient, replaceable/repairable hardware.
The roman/latin name for peaches was malum persicum (persian apple). The romans got the fruit from the persians, but the persians themselves got it from central asia or china.
As a former subscriber I can point this out:
One gigantic error: they have not seen the 2007/2008 crisis coming.
Their policy recommendations are always the same: "cut red tape", privatize, remove tariffs..., and this mirrors their ideological beliefs, not any hard won expertise.
They are also in denial about the unfolding ecological crisis.
Look also at their job ads to understand with whom they are aligned.
In sum, The Economist is a propaganda paper, that is well written, informative even if you can remove their rather obvious slant.
No, he means a unique user id, generated by the server when you sign up for the service. Then for every login attempt, you provide the username/email + user id + password.