It depends on the current throughput of the system, how many queues a message is routed to, size of the message etc. But a mostly idle RabbitMQ cluster with fast disks should confirm a message published to a single quorum queue in a couple of ms.
Log rentention is probably the main reason. Event sourcing typically would need some kind of snapshot to be calculated to replace the head of the log before it is deleted.
For me one of the nicest things is that you can have both "traditional" messaging _and_ streaming in the same system. Feeding messages published to exchanges into both queues (for processing) and streams for archiving, auditing and analysis.
AFAIK there is no proper standard streaming protocol which is why we went with a dedicated protocol that works really well with our approach to streams.
No they do not replicate like classic mirrored queues do. They are much more similar to quorum queues in that they only
(asynchronously) replicate the delta after a disconnection. After all both streams and quorum queues use log replication. They are also both quorum systems in terms of availability.
W.r.t quorum queue features set we are working on Message TTLs. Priorities we'll have to see. We want to provide something there but it may not be a priority queue as provided by classic queues as this isn't the best way to do priority based messaging.