In my experience, Government imposes far fewer limitations on my life than the Market does. It determines that I must work to live, who I can work for, what sort of home and food I can have, etc.
It's not just humans vs "planet". The big rock called Earth, yeah we probably aren't going to bother it much. But the destruction of biodiversity, all forms of life on earth, is an enormous ongoing tragedy that we absolutely have a responsibility to reverse with all our efforts.
I don't think framing the world as employers and employees is the right way to reconcile with a potential 10x increase in human productivity. We could consider making employers obsolete at that point. At this point in time, it isn't certain that employers (or capital, largely) will own the benefits of this 10x, is it? Can we make sure to wield it for the benefit of humanity? This is potentially beyond the scale of individual companies, if we don't let them eat all the profits.
Interesting, but a person who prefers to poll once a day in the morning, perhaps, gets nothing because there's someone else who prefers to poll at the end of the day. How do you allow them the flexibility to design their schedule?
Disagree with the host that the net effect of 10x increase on productivity on climate change would be a wash. If production capacity increases that much faster than social consciousness and direction of capital, the result will be catastrophic for climate change. Boosting productivity should be explicitly done in tandem with using that increase in a way that's beneficial to humanity and not just profitable.
He seems to have no sense of how IP law could stifle the benefit to humanity. He assumes that no matter who innovates something very useful, that it will spread to everyone's workflow. I think the host was correct to suggest that the government should fund this research, as you might be able to ensure it's available for public benefit and not "owned" (licensed?) by Atlassian or whoever it may be.
Not to mention he only describes the benefit in terms of dollars of profit to companies. Broaden your scope of the potential benefit to humanity!