To grok the subject, it will take a while.
Search for a good undergraduate economics course and follow that.
I second Hazlitt "Economics in One Lesson".
But if you truly want to understand this, you will need to start with one book and then note all the books and theories which come before, going back a long way 200 years or more. Read or read summaries of those as well.
In that way, you will get a firm foundation and understand how some "new" stuff is just old stuff with a new name.
In a nutshell, it depends on what you are using the database for, you may even consider something outside of a relational database if you don't need SQL and relational structure to your data.
The biggest difference is the lack of granular transactions (MyISAM). This will kill your application if you have concurrent writes to a MyISAM table.
We have clients who mix MyISAM and innodb, in their case, they need to store lots of data but want it as small as possible, but still able to be accessed via SQL queries. So it is MyISAM for all tables which are read only and Innodb for the current data which needs concurrency for updates.