The lasers alone set you back many tens of k so it's not really possible to do on the cheap presently, even if a lot of the cost is expertise and the high overhead of R&D costs when only producing small number of units.
Oh and to know if it's any good you have to either build two (ideally more) of them to compare against each other (ideally using different approaches so their errors are less correlated), or have access to a clock better than the one you're building to compare to. So you can rarely get away with building just one if you want to know if you've succeeded.
The Carnot limit is the theoretical upper limit of the efficiency of a heat pump, so the stated number is presumably with respect to that, not heat moved per unit energy input like you're quoting.
I don't think there'll be any significant drop on a sub-decade timescale unless there's some kind of financial crisis, but the ideal kind of trend is prices stagnating or growing slower than wages, which is the case right now - and the question is whether it will continue.
I think there is a good chance it will, as long as a change of government doesn't deliberately dismantle the current approach. Yes there's population growth and yet prices have been stagnant or declining the past few years and construction has picked up. That's a good trend!
I'm not familiar with the situation with public housing but am happy to accept if the government has failed there. But this seems like a separate failure rather than an indictment of their approach to increasing supply generally which I think is working.
Melbourne property prices actually haven't recovered from their 2022 peak, and that's before adjusting for inflation. I believe rents are down in real terms as well.
Things have been crazy for a long time, but I am actually optimistic for Melbourne specifically - the construction rate is up and the state government has been decreasing the power local governments have to block or delay development. If this continues, housing affordability should improve. My main concern is that a change of government may put an end to it, but I hope not.
Some details about what VIC is doing differently in this AFR article if you're interested (archive link because original is paywalled):
This might be what you meant, but the ordered dicts are faster, no? I believe ordering was initially an implementation detail that arose as part of performance optimisations, and only later declared officially part of the spec.
Oh and to know if it's any good you have to either build two (ideally more) of them to compare against each other (ideally using different approaches so their errors are less correlated), or have access to a clock better than the one you're building to compare to. So you can rarely get away with building just one if you want to know if you've succeeded.
Source: I work on the software for these portable optical clocks: https://phys.org/news/2025-07-quantum-clocks-accuracy-curren...