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cookiecaper
·6年前·讨论
Yeah, there are many reasons that people like driving for Uber and/or Lyft, and it's very closed-minded to say that the market can't exist if it doesn't fully and completely replace a "real job" for all of its drivers, up to and including full-time employment with attached benefit packages.

I've had friends who've done it just because they enjoy meeting people who are coming into town and hearing their stories, telling them about the area, etc. Many of the rides I've taken, upon talking to the driver, they'll say they do it because it gets them out of the house and they can work whenever they want. Very few of the people were trying to use it to replace a conventional employment situation.

We should all be grateful that the state is rescuing all of these people from the exploitative habits of these unprofitable companies, I guess.
cookiecaper
·6年前·讨论
Most ISPs don't require this -- you can use your own equipment if you wish. Most customers take them up on the rentals, though, either because they don't know any better or because it's easier than buying and maintaining their own equipment.
cookiecaper
·6年前·讨论
Yeah, it's hard to imagine why it would make business sense not to push app installs as hard as possible. Take a look at logcat once in a while and notice how often apps you haven't used in weeks are still phoning home sending who-knows-what, not to mention occasional attempts at "re-engagement" from push notifications and much more.

It's no good for consumers, but I don't think many investors would be happy to hear that a company is just leaving those data and opportunities on the table.
cookiecaper
·7年前·讨论
Most people understand that fine. It's about freedom of speech as a social principle and value, not strictly a matter of law.

It's granted that people are within their rights to throw out speech they dislike and that there's a world of difference between severing a voluntary business relationship and the deployment of state force, but the implications of an anxious, PR-sensitive set of internet infrastructure providers is certainly fair game for discussion.

If we get into the habit of shutting down every site that attracts a spate of negative attention, it still has the aggregate effect of chilling free discourse. If a shooter came onto HN and posted a manifesto here, would it withstand the mainstream media onslaught?
cookiecaper
·8年前·讨论
Right, Leventhal mentions that such an eventuality was one in a group of several considerations, but clearly does not think it was the primary factor.

From the paragraph following your quote:

> Finally and perhaps most significantly, personal egos and NIH (not invented here) syndrome certainly played a part. [...] [C]ertain leads and managers preferred to build their own rather adopting external technology—even technology that was best of breed. They pitched their own project, an Apple project, that would bring modern filesystem technologies to Mac OS X.

and

> Licensing FUD was thrown into the mix; even today folks at Apple see the ZFS license as nefarious and toxic in some way whereas the DTrace license works just fine for them. Note that both use the same license with the same grants and same restrictions.

Leventhal's chronology continues to suggest that ZFS on OS X re-emerged even after this licensing argument had been advanced, and that the project was finally killed by Larry Ellison himself, in the interest of keeping his personal friendship with Steve Jobs unaffected by business considerations.

While it is of course possible that Apple is willing to accept any "murkiness" around the license as it pertains to DTrace but not willing to do so as it pertains to ZFS, it just doesn't seem like your original statement that "they had to drop the whole thing because of the murky licensing on ZFS" represents the situation clearly (at least not if we accept the version of events as told by Adam Leventhal; personally, I have no direct knowledge).
cookiecaper
·8年前·讨论
Adam Leventhal doesn't seem to put much stock in the licensing theory, considering OS X's inclusion of DTrace, which was released under the same license. His discussion of the saga of ZFS on OS X is here: http://dtrace.org/blogs/ahl/2016/06/15/apple_and_zfs/ . Very interesting stuff.
cookiecaper
·8年前·讨论
The problem is not the salaries or the perks that drives the unprofitability, it's simply the investment model. If you're backed by venture capital, you're goal is to get to an exit 500x larger than the investment ($2M round; VCs don't invest unless they think they may make $1B+). That requires people to focus on growth and world-eating more than any respectable-in-the-moment profitability numbers.
cookiecaper
·9年前·讨论
免责声明:我不是律师,肯定有人可以更好地解释这一点,而且我可能错误地使用了这些术语。

是的,犯罪意图是一个重要的考虑因素,但它是微妙的。查看《模范刑法典》[0],其中确定了四种不同类型的犯罪意图,包括疏忽和鲁莽;也就是说,出于犯罪目的,"犯罪心理"(犯罪意图)并不一定需要传统上被视为善意恶意或伤害意图的东西。

当我说“加重”或“加重因素”时,我的意思是,通常你有客观上不社会的犯罪行为,比如盗窃,如果犯罪意图发挥作用,通常是一种防御性的事情,试图为被告开脱,就像“我不知道它属于别人”(肯定性辩护),而不是否认该行为。

但随着内幕交易和其他微妙的禁止恶意行为的情况[1],犯罪行为与犯罪意图之间的通常关系被颠倒了。要实施犯罪,首先要从犯罪意图、不良意图开始,并且必须识别(或者,如有必要,制造)一种明显正常的行为,将其登记为危害社会并需要采取法律行动的外部攻击行为。

这是一个更可怕的提议,因为如果你的日常业务涉及可以转化为犯罪行为的技术行为,那么人们显然有足够的机会在那里分配和合理化他们对你的思维过程的偏好想法,并根据他们个人的厌恶或冒犯程度说服自己,你是一个罪犯。如果这被带到法庭上,你的辩护将相当于说服陪审团相信你而不是检察官,这是一场直接的好感度和表现竞赛。

然而,对于更明确的犯罪,存在一种实际的、独立的犯罪行为,人们认为这种犯罪行为客观上是恶劣的,并且可能是故意的。如果你没有偷东西,如果他们不能证明你偷了东西,这就是你现在争夺的理由,这对被告来说要好得多,因为它不那么善变。

从本质上讲,它使得每项辩护都必然是肯定的,因为该行为在其他方面并不违法。政府一定非常不喜欢你,才会首先假设你是不诚实的。

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_Penal_Code#Mens_rea_or_c...
[1] https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/malum_prohibitum
cookiecaper
·9年前·讨论
Heh, you're right. I promise I knew that. ;) It's too late to fix the typo now, but I appreciate the correction.
cookiecaper
·9年前·讨论
Yep, this is getting blown way out of proportion by all of these tiny scripts that just sit around connecting to themselves. Even pgbench is theoretical and intended for tuning; you're not going to hit your max tps in your Real Code that is doing Real Work.

In the real world, where code is doing real things besides just entering/exiting itself all day, I think it's going to be a stretch to see even a 5% performance impact, let alone 10%.
cookiecaper
·9年前·讨论
>所以你是说,没有补丁的最新 RCS 应该比稳定版慢至少 10%?

我想说的是,这并不是对 PTI 补丁集影响的可靠衡量。有一个 PgSQL 性能轶事 [0](实际使用真实的启动参数而不是完全不同版本的内核进行测试)显示 LKML 的性能下降了 9%,Linus 称其“非常符合预期”。 [1]

进一步引用该邮件:

> 人们正在关注隔离对大约 5% 的性能影响。

> 显然,这完全取决于您所做的事情。有些负载如果只是将所有时间都花在用户空间中,则几乎不会受到影响。如果您执行大量小型系统调用,您可能会看到两位数的速度下降。

因此,总的来说,影响应该在 5% 左右,并且“您可能会看到两位数的放缓”,最坏情况下工作负载的影响似乎徘徊在 10% 左右,而不是 30%。这也是 LKML 的轶事所显示的,与 Phoronix 不同,后者显示 25%-30% 或更糟。

这与其说是惊人的损失,不如说是一种消耗。人们说微软在 11 月份修补了这个问题,看看人们是否会看到自那时以来 Windows 基准测试有类似的 5-10% 的下降,这将是很有趣的。

>公司多久发布一次如此规模的业绩下调?

我不知道你在这里指的是哪家“公司”,但在 Linux 开发/RC 过程中,内核性能特征的重大变化是很常见的,是的,某些工作负载肯定会在大约每两个月稳定的内核版本之间经常看到 +/- 10% 的变化。

如果您对 Linux 开发如此“活跃”感到惊讶,那么您并不孤单。这是 FreeBSD 等其他操作系统的卖点之一。

[0] https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/1/2/678

[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/1/2/703
cookiecaper
·9年前·讨论
> They run Intel CPUs made within the last ten years so would be subject to this issue.

Do we know that? There is a lot of speculation but the embargo is not lifted yet afaik. There are obviously elements of this that are remaining intentionally obscured pending embargo expiry (redacted comments), so it could be that a smaller contingent of chips are affected and no one is bothering to correct the damage/limit the patch only to applicable components so that the cat doesn't get out of the bag too soon (side benefit: so that an extensive emergency fix like this can be widely tested before it's applied to a relatively limited set of hardware).

Seems just as valid as any other speculation to me.
cookiecaper
·9年前·讨论
> They really dislike insider trading, it's one of the few things where even rich people can get imprisoned -- and the typical jail sentence has been steadily climbing up for decades now.

Insider trading, like many white-collar crimes, exists primarily for its value as a weapon. There is nothing actually illegal about the act of selling a stock; it's all about casting aspirations as to intent and who-knew-what-when.

In other situations, intent is usually an aggravating factor, enhancement, or affirmative defense. It is not the thing that qualifies an otherwise 100% legitimate act as a bad thing.

My anecdotal, unsubstantiated perspective is that insider trading is unlikely to be an issue for anyone who hasn't made enemies, and that it may suddenly become an issue for anyone naive enough to make enemies recklessly. cf. Martin Shkreli, who couldn't be linked to a specific "bad trade" so was brought on generic "securities fraud" instead.

Not playing ball with the people wielding these powers seems to be the dangerous thing.
cookiecaper
·9年前·讨论
Phoronix strikes again! I admire Michael's consistency and dedication and their benchmarks have certainly gotten better over the years as PTS has matured, but everything on Phoronix still needs to be taken with a generous helping of salt. New readers generally learn this after a few months; it applies not only to their benchmarks, but also their "news".

The most obvious issue with this benchmark is that Phoronix is testing the latest rcs, with all of their changes, against the last stable version [EDIT: I misread or this changed overnight, see below] that doesn't have PTI integrated, instead of just isolating the PTI patchset. The right way to do this would be to use the same kernel version and either cherry-pick the specific patches or trust that the `nopti` boot parameter sufficiently disables the feature. That alone makes the test worthless.

There is no way this causes a universal 30% perf deduction, especially not for workloads that are IO-bound (i.e., most real-world workloads). This is a significant hit for Intel, but it's not going to reduce global compute capacity by 30% overnight.

EDIT: Looking at the Phoronix page, the benchmark actually appears to use 4.15-rc5 as "pre" and 4.15-some-unspecified-git-pull-from-Dec-31-that-isn't-called-rc6 as "post". I thought I had read 4.14.8 there last night, but may not have. Regardless, the point stands -- these are different versions of the kernel and the tests do not reflect the impact of the PTI patchset.
cookiecaper
·9年前·讨论
>今天,谁在 "与语言本身作斗争"?

的确,在 JavaScript 作为一种玩具语言出现,让人们能够完成简单的 UI 技巧(如创建提示框)22 年之后,在人们开始尝试将其塞入 GCool Points 后端 8 年之后,JS 终于开始采用一些有用的功能。ES6+ 解决了大部分明显的疏漏,现在用 JS/Node 编写脚本与用 Python 或 Ruby 编写脚本感觉上并无太大区别(尽管需要更多的构建基础架构;JavaScript 在浏览器之外不是原生的)。ECMAScript的开发者们将这些在其他语言中早已存在的功能添加到了脚本中,这是一项巨大的成就,因此要为他们点赞。

但从实际意义上(也就是最重要的意义上)来说,仍有很多人在 "与语言作斗争"。两个主要例子Node 的 "和谐 "特性发布模式要求虚拟机在运行时必须使用特定的标志才能启用特定的语法(这比 Python 的 `from __future__` 模式要糟糕得多),以及 Babel 的存在和广泛使用。

我不知道你使用其他语言的频率如何,但 JavaScript 是唯一一个我必须通过一连串缓慢的第三方转换器才能放心使用常量等简单语言特性的平台。

另外,标准库是裸露的,实现方式也不一致,这就要求一切都建立在 lodash 和 jQuery 等 struts 基础上(还得从 GitHub 的随机软件仓库中随便找来一大堆附件,比如 "left-pad"),这就掩盖了 JavaScript 的主要痛点和普遍的不实用性。其他脚本语言也有便利库和包装器,甚至是替代实现,但没有哪种语言能像 npm 那样走极端。

虽然从 ECMAScript 规范严格的学术角度来看,这些东西可能并不完全是在对抗 "语言",但它们确实代表了几乎所有现实世界使用中的实际限制。就像当年没有 jQuery 就想使用 JavaScript 简直是痴人说梦一样,现在如果没有人们开发的一大堆垃圾(babel、lodash、webpack、yarn 等),想使用 JavaScript 也是痴人说梦,因为他们莫名其妙地致力于将 JS 的方钉塞进服务器端编程的圆孔中。
cookiecaper
·9年前·讨论
其目的并不是要对 JavaScript 进行详细的解构,只是对 JavaScript 亚文化的追时尚行为进行评论,作为父发帖者在 React 用户中对此认识的后续。

我不明白怎么会有人假装当时每个人都对 JavaScript 的“承诺”感到兴奋;你必须是相对较新的人才能真正相信这一点,作为一名著名的 HN 发帖者,我通常喜欢他的帖子,我知道你不是。这一定是某种逆向心理学的事情,你试图说服自己,情感上的时尚追逐实际上是基于优点的。

你的观点都是向后看的。我已经承认 JavaScript 是当今一个主要/重要的平台,并且我已经接受除了基本的 DOM 操作之外我需要以各种新的方式使用它,不管这样做会给技术文化带来深深的悲伤。现在 Node.js 已经经历了 8 年左右的炒作,拥有“强大的供应商支持”和“庞大的库”。

为了便于论证,我们将掩盖前面提到的事实:a)作为“网络的默认交付平台”,JavaScript 仍然受到很大的限制,并且使用真正的服务器端语言“交付”后端应用程序要容易得多; b) 这个“巨大的库”包含许多东西,这些东西将成为管理更好的语言中标准库的一部分,并且允许随机 GitHub 用户控制巨大的依赖链的 npm 模型存在很多不良副作用(从安全和 QA 角度来看;参见 left-pad 惨败)。

在 V8 之前,就连 JS 发明者 Brendan Eich 也花了很多时间为其主要缺陷提供借口和承认:“我只有 10 天的时间!”和“至少它不是 VBScript!”是主要反应。我不想贬低 Eich 的艰巨努力,因为它们确实令人印象深刻,但关键是没有人假装 JavaScript 是一种你想在任何非强制环境中使用的东西。这与 Python、Java 或大多数其他专业级语言非常不同。

>所以这与 Google 发布 v8 无关——业界普遍希望 JS 执行速度更快。

V8 是革命性的,因为它将 JavaScript 从最慢的语言之一变成了几乎最快的动态语言(与 Lua 争夺桂冠)。存在这样的需求,即浏览器可以成为 3D 游戏等更密集的客户端应用程序的平台。尽管如此,如果 Google 的宣传机器没有启动,V8 的声明将会被归入与其他 JS VM 发布之后的同一个小组。

这完全是因为“我也像谷歌一样酷!”
Node.js 获得了任何吸引力的心态(在过去 10 年里对技术产生了巨大影响)。 Node.js 将其 V8 后端作为其主要营销点之一,以强化这种关联,并让人们相信使用 Node.js 就像使用超酷的 Google 化 JavaScript,而不是您过去所知道的普通、无聊的 JavaScript。
cookiecaper
·9年前·讨论
While it may be true that JavaScript has had a large installed base for many years, that installed environment was only capable of operating within the context of a single page load, as long as the browser was open and active, and really was only useful for manipulating the DOM (and JavaScript was a sorry platform even within that ultra-narrow scope).

Node.js changed things by making the platform available on the backend, allowing programs to live longer, but the notion that JS was "important" as a general development solution is incorrect. It certainly was not the "native" or obvious solution for anything beyond manipulating page UI, and this remains the case for the overwhelming majority of the "billions" of devices with JS execution environments. It is still harder to configure Node.js for use on a server than something like PHP.

When I say an "important development platform", I mean that from the perspective of practical use of the technologist, in the sense that the platform is can be expected to host projects that are recognized as clear leaders within a generally applicable space, strongly motivating adoption of the underlying development platform if not already adopted.
cookiecaper
·9年前·讨论
This summarizes everything about the JavaScript ecosystem, so it shouldn't really surprise React users that there is no logic behind the community's behavior.

People have finally succeeded in making JavaScript an important development platform by sheer force of will, insisting that JavaScript must become important in order to justify their adoption of the fad. Before this critical mass was attained, there was no real reason to use JS whenever the option was available, and virtually everyone who adopted Node.js and friends was doing it "just to [do] it", in service to the fad kicked off by Google's promotion of Chrome/V8.

Consider that prior to V8, JavaScript was so disliked that the only way to get someone to read a book about it was to name it "JavaScript: The Good Parts". The coder would be surprised to hear that anyone thought JavaScript had any good parts, and would want to figure out what they were, so that his/her days spent in client-side hell would go just a little smoother.

Then Google released Chrome with V8, some people thought this meant JavaScript was cool now, and it's snowballed from there.
cookiecaper
·9年前·讨论
Yeah, a lot of these things that get wrapped up as super-futuristic innovations that use the hottest buzzwords are really just ways to apply old techniques more efficiently.

Since phones provide a platform for a robust software camera, instead of requiring the user to manually snap 9 shots for HDR, the phone just does it for you in rapid succession. Some DSLRs will do this automatically too with 3 shots, but they are much worse at providing a space for robust software assistance.

It sounds like obstruction removal is the same kind of thing, where the phone actually captures a snippet of video and automatically differences that for you, instead of having the photographer take multiple photos and difference them manually in Photoshop (as has been done for a long time, e.g. [0]).

And since Google automatically uploads all of your content, they can analyze it on their servers and return an asynchronous result. They do this for auto-generated animations, panoramas, and movies; it doesn't all have to be performed on the local device and they can take their time.

This is not to poo-poo such developments; I think it's awesome that I can use Cardboard Camera and get a stereoscopic 3D image of my surroundings. Even special-built 360 cameras like the Theta S struggle with stereoscopy. I would love to see Canon or other camera makers innovate by providing a DSLR platform that makes it easy to load new software macros that enable cooler shooting and processing modes (with the caveat that the DSLR must never allow these to slow the device's operation in no-macro mode).

The best we can do now is a full-custom firmware like Magic Lantern [1], which is cool and all, but when I tried it on my 6D, the camera response time was much slower and the sound recording didn't work on the build I installed, resulting in a couple of home videos without audio. I took ML off and haven't been inclined to try again.

[0] http://www.deke.com/content/dekes-techniques-022-removing-pe...

[1] http://www.magiclantern.fm/
cookiecaper
·9年前·讨论
IMO, most companies can't engage in anti-competitive behavior independently. You need a special status as a monopoly or a part of a cartel. For normal companies, normal behavior is "anti-competitive" because the point of business is to beat your competitors.

If we assign MS the role of a "typical business" instead of a monopoly (they have may been a monopoly 20 years ago, but it's hard to make that case now), Microsoft is under no ethical obligation a) to provide a client for other operating systems; or b) to ensure that performance parity exists between every client on every platform.

While it may not be super polite to release clients for other platforms and then subtly cripple them in order to drive users back to Windows, there's nothing below-the-belt about it IMO.