The chart is interesting, but misses on an important thing: semiconductor production on it's own is complicated, but producing equipment for semiconductor production is the whole new level, that's why ASML.
A button is a bad UX example, because it is rather a switch with two indicators - now it is on, and turn it the other side/way to turn off.
A TV remote is also a bad UX example, because you can actually see that the TV is on or off by looking at the TV itself, and then use the button to perform the desired action.