If you are in the EU but outside the UK (and I think Germany), you have to order books from Amazon.com. A free book costs $2 to deliver over whispernet
Essentially people try and convey information to the other bidders through the amounts of their bid. Like putting an area code at the end of a large bid to indicate that is the market you want.
Former Reliability Engineer here. Not sure for bulbs, since my experience was automotive, but I imaging it is similar. In general, we tried to determine all the factors that lead to failure - vibration, force, impurities, sunlight etc, then you try to accelerate these. So for sunlight, you might raise the intensity of UV etc. There are settings so X hours of acceleration == to X years normal use. These settings are developed in a variety of ways. After you run the test, you apply some stats analysis and a bit of handwaving and proclaim 25 years.
The entire Rock of Gibraltar was turned into a fortress during the war. The civilian population was evacuated, and additional tunnels and artillery placed in the rock. I am not sure that the German siege weapons could have reduced a block of granite into rubble.
The website appears to have been created in response to the inability of the police to bring the person, allegedly responsible, into a courtroom to explain why he is in possession of a stolen laptop.
For number 2. you could argue that they are mercantilist. Most of the enterprises are state backed, much like the Dutch or British East India companies. So the state takes a pretty big role in determining which companies will succeed.
Canada, Australia, most countries with a points based immigration system are much easier. My story was much like the grandparents. Moved to the US at 14 and bounced around between visas H4 -> F1 -> H1B. I didn't get my green card with the rest of my family because I turned 21 while the application was pending. I am in Europe now and will NEVER deal with US immigration again. There is truly nothing that will make me want to live in that limbo again.
I think if you dig a bit deeper into most people's motivations for wanting to be rich, you will find out that independence is the really reason. Without any evidence I think that people want to be rich, so they don't have to worry about money.
I think that is one way, but not the only way. Apple is able to release products that are generally well received by the market. In fact Apple understands the market for their individual products extremely well, even if the product isn't released yet. Google's approach seems to be more of a shotgun/spaghetti see if something sticks, without actually stopping to think things through first.
One of the major reasons for these trucks and the locomotives having electric motors, is that maximum torque is available from 0 rpm in an electric motor. A diesel or petrol engine will max torque further up it's power band. This means these large machines are much easier to get moving.
I worked for a supplier. We had some teething problems once on a new vehicle. We ended up helicoptering parts to the final assembly plant, so we wouldn't shut it down.
Price discrimination doesn't have to be on just cutting prices, although it is often used this way to increase your potential pool of customers. I believe Amazon was using their knowledge of you purchase history, to decide if you were more likely to buy a product. If you were, the price would be higher.
Stainless steel is also quite hard which means it can be a bit more brittle than milder steels, and probably not appropriate for some applications. Springs come to mind and any time the steel will have to dissipate heat quickly.
This is just simple price discrimination. They could just add $50 to the price of each chip and then people who didn't want improved performance pay it anyway. This way those who want it pay for it, those who don't don't.