Yes, there are some parsers around in languages other than elisp. This one seemed to work well when I tried it some time ago: https://github.com/rasendubi/uniorg
I can recommend E.J. Lemmon's Beginning Logic as a first book. It also contains an appendix with a list of important logic books and brief description of them. I'm curious to know whether a more recent, equally well-done, list exists.
My understanding agrees with namaria's. I'm inclined to think that, in the passage you provide, `imperative' means `pertaining to processes' (where processes are those things described by procedures; or, perhaps better put, the meanings of procedures).
Perhaps that's not the question you should ask. You might want to ask "what is your advice based on?" instead. If you do so, you evaluate the conclusion by focusing on the quality of the argument, not features of the argumentator. You would agree, I suppose, that good medical advice could be given by non-doctors, and bad medical advice by doctors.
Related: E.J. Lemmon, in his book Beginning Logic, lists some important logic books and says that Chapter 0 of Church's Introduction to Mathematical logic ``deserves to be read several times by /all/ philosophers''.