30. Technical education will also aim to be offered within multidisciplinary education institutions and programmes and have a renewed focus on opportunities to engage deeply with other disciplines.
India must also take the lead in preparing professionals in cutting-edge areas that are fast gaining prominence, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), 3-D machining, big data analysis, and machine learning, in addition to genomic studies, biotechnology, nanotechnology, neuroscience, with important applications to health, environment, and sustainable living that will be woven into undergraduate education for enhancing employability of the youth.
31. The new policy seeks to expand access to higher education for 50% of high school students by 2035, and achieve universal adult literacy before that date.
32. Govt is targetting 100% gross enrollment ratio from pre-school to secondary level by 2030.
24. Stand-alone agricultural universities, legal universities, health science universities, technical universities, and stand-alone institutions in other fields, shall aim to become multidisciplinary institutions offering holistic and multidisciplinary education.
25. All institutions offering either professional or general education will aim to organically evolve into institutions/clusters offering both seamlessly, and in an integrated manner by 2030.
26. Both capacity and quality of agriculture and allied disciplines must be improved in order to increase agricultural productivity through better skilled graduates and technicians, innovative research, and market-based extension linked to technologies and practices.
27. Institutions offering agricultural education must benefit the local community directly; one approach could be to set up Agricultural Technology Parks to promote technology incubation and dissemination and promote sustainable methodologies.
28. Legal education needs to be competitive globally, adopting best practices and embracing new technologies for wider access to and timely delivery of justice.
29. Healthcare education needs to be re-envisioned so that the duration, structure, and design of the educational programmes need to match the role requirements that graduates will play. There shall also be a much greater emphasis on preventive healthcare and community medicine in all forms of healthcare education.
20. All education institutions will be held to similar standards of audit and disclosure as a ‘not for profit’ entity. Surpluses, if any, will be reinvested in the educational sector, according to the NEP 2020.
21. There will be transparent public disclosure of all these financial matters with recourse to grievance-handling mechanisms to the general public. The accreditation system developed by a National Accreditation Council will provide a complementary check on this system, and a National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC) will consider this as one of the key dimensions of its regulatory objective.
22. All fees and charges set by private HEIs will be transparently and fully disclosed, and there shall be no arbitrary increases in these fees during the period of enrolment of any student. This fee determining mechanism will ensure reasonable recovery of cost while ensuring that HEIs discharge their social obligations.
23. Through a suitable system of graded accreditation and graded autonomy, and in a phased manner over a period of 15 years, all HEIs in India will aim to become independent self-governing institutions pursuing innovation and excellence. Upon receiving the appropriate graded accreditations that deem the institution ready for such a move, a Board of Governors (BoG) shall be established. Equity considerations will also be taken care of while selecting the members, according to the policy. The BoG of an institution will be empowered to govern the institution free of any external interference. It is envisaged that all HEIs will be incentivized, supported, and mentored during this process, and shall aim to become autonomous and have such an empowered BoG by 2035.
18. As per National Education Policy 2020, the 10+2 structure in school education will be modified with a new pedagogical and curricular restructuring of 5+3+3+4 covering ages 3-18. The foundational stage will cover ages 3-8, while the preparatory stage will include Classes 3 to 5. The middle stage will cover Classes 6-8 and secondary stage includes Classes 9 to 12. In detail, The 5+3+3+4, will consist of 12 years of school and three of Anganwadi or pre-school. This will be split as follows: a foundational stage (ages three and eight), three years of pre-primary (ages eight to 11), a preparatory stage (ages 11 to 14) and a secondary stage (ages 14 to 18). According to the government the revised structure will "bring hitherto uncovered age group of three to six years, recognised globally as crucial stage for development of mental faculties, under school curriculum".
Preparatory Stage (Grades 3-5, covering ages 8-11) will see introduction of experiential learning across the sciences, mathematics, arts, social sciences, and humanities.
The Middle stage covering Grades 6-8, (ages 11-14) will have a subject-oriented pedagogical and curricular style.
And the Secondary stage (Grades 9-12 in two phases, i.e., 9 and 10 in the first, and 11 and 12 in the second, covering ages 14-18) will have greater depth, greater critical thinking, greater attention to life aspirations, and greater flexibility and student choice of subjects, and option to exit at grade 10 and re-enter at a later stage in grade 11
Each of the four stages of school education, may consider moving towards a semester or any other system that allows the inclusion of shorter modules.
19. Mathematics and computational thinking to be given increased emphasis throughout school years. Activities involving coding to be introduced in Middle stage.
9. Central and State governments will work together to achieve expenditure of 6% of GDP on education.
10. Technology will be used in education planning, teaching, learning and assessment, administration and management and regulation.
11. A National Research Foundation (NRF), tasked with creating a conducive ecosystem for research through funding and mentoring will be set up.
12. Will allow foreign universities to set up campuses in India
13. Change in the format of undergraduate education with the reintroduction of the four-year multidisciplinary bachelor’s programme with exit options. While the three-year traditional BA, BSc, as well as BVoc degrees will continue, under the four-year programme students can exit after one year with a certificate, after two years with a diploma and a Bachelor’s degree after three years.
14. High-quality programmes and degrees in Translation and Interpretation, Art and Museum Administration, Archaeology, Artefact Conservation, Graphic Design, and Web Design within the higher education system will also be created.
15. Touring by students to different parts of the country, which will not only give a boost to tourism but will also lead to an understanding and appreciation of diversity, culture, traditions and knowledge of different parts of India.
16. Languages must also have consistent official updates to their vocabularies and dictionaries, widely disseminated, so that the most current issues and concepts can be effectively discussed in these languages. Standardization of Indian Sign Language (ISL) across the country.
17. Setting up of an Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation (IITI) while also laying significant emphasis on Sanskrit and other Indian languages. As per the NEP and IITT will be established that will make extensive use of technology to aid in its translation and interpretation efforts.
1. Will set up Gender Inclusion Fund and Special Education Zones to make education more inclusive.
2. Every child should have one vocational skill by the time they complete school. Besides, the school system will integrate vocation education and internships from Class six onwards so that students learn new skills. The assessment system will be comprehensive and shall use artificial intelligence to show the learning outcome, the short comings and what corrective measures are required.
3. There will be no rigid separation between arts and sciences, curricular and extra-curricular. All subjects like music will be taught.
4. School curriculum to be reduced to core concepts and there will integration of vocational education from class
5. Students can intern with local crafts and trades for 10 days. For example, a student can work at a local laundry.
6. The NEP plans to reduced the importance of Board exams. Board exams to be split into two parts - objective and descriptive. Instead of exams being held every year, school students will sit only for three - at Classes 3, 5 and 8. Assessment in other years will shift to a "regular and formative" style that is more "competency-based, promotes learning and development and tests higher-order skills, such as analysis, critical thinking and conceptual clarity". Board exams will continue to be held for Classes 10 and 12 but even these will be re-designed with "holistic development" as the aim. Standards for this will be established by a new national assessment centre - PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development).
7. Medium of instruction should be mother tongue or regional language till class 5, preferably till class 8. However, the policy also says "no language will be imposed on any student".
8. Report cards will include students' self-assessment as well as by teachers.