The only relevant question is:
"Will the investigator use ... information ... obtained through ... manipulations of those individuals or their environment for research purposes?"
which could be idly thought of as "I'm just sending an email, what's wrong with that? That's not manipulating their environment".
But I feel they're wrong.
https://grants.nih.gov/policy/humansubjects/hs-decision.htm would seem to agree that it's non-exempt (i.e. potentially problematic) human research if "there will be an interaction with subjects for the collection of ... data (including ... observation of behaviour)" and there's not a well-worn path (survey/public observation only/academic setting/subject agrees to study) with additional criteria.
Let's assume that the baby has a perfect ordered ranking of blocks, 3 > 2 > 1, but that the experimenter doesn't know what it is.
There's three scenarios for what the new, third block is: 1, 2 or 3.
If it's 2 or 3, then the rejected block in the first round has a score of 1, and so we'd expect. So we'd only expect the baby to switch in a third of the cases, as opposed to 50% of the cases where the blocks are assumed to be equal.
"However, in the critical test trial that followed, 16 of 21 infants (76.2%) chose the new block (block C; Fig. 1)"
I can't work out the p-value vs. 66% compared to 50%, though...
https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1910/1910.05224.pdf talks at length about it -- the result is known to be wildly invalid for gas giants, as they have the temperatures and pressures to have viable chemical pathways to phosphene.
"Without a winking smiley or other blatant display of humor, it is utterly impossible to parody a Creationist in such a way that someone won't mistake for the genuine article." -- Nathan Poe
In two dimensions, a vehicle moving North-South and a vehicle moving East-West have to cross into each other's path at some point, and 2.5D solutions (bridges and flyovers) help but require significant investment in resources that simply isn't possible at every junction.
In three dimensions, this simply isn't the case; we can separate different directions of traffic by height, and provision of dedicated corridors for changing route is merely a matter of making regulation rather than infrastructure.
There's a reason why we've had autopilot on planes for significantly longer than on cars.
* What are the usecases where this [the Internet Computer and/or Motoko] shines?
* Can you expand on Orthogonal Persistence -- is this a "per actor" persistence, or from the references to blockchain is it some sort of shared state between actors?
* How does the internet look/feel/work different once this exists?
Once the decision has been made that Node 6 is no longer supported, it is then possible to refactor the code so that it uses appropriate modern idioms, such that the external behaviour is unchanged for Node 6+ but will no longer be parsable by Node 5.
In this specific case, it is both a refactor and a breaking change.
So let's say fraud has a standard tarriff of ten years.
And we agree that committing two frauds is twice as bad, so we add them together. Still makes sense.
And someone defrauded a LOT of people. Say sixteen THOUSAND.
That's how you sentence someone for 141,078 years...
(They served eight.)
$ is the shell prompt; he's not typing it.
"3 millilightseconds" is the distance light travels in 3 milliseconds, the time a "zero" timeout would take to actually timeout. (This comes directly from the definition of the lightsecond: how far light travels in one second)
"miles" is what he wants to see that distance converted to. Turns out it's 558 miles; one mile is 0.00179 of 3 millilightseconds.
Strongly recommended watching, in my opinion: very clearly describes some quite complicated manipulations, the circumstances in which they work and how to move between those circumstances, to achieve what should be impossible.
If you're going to watch one commentated "tool-assisted" run, this is it.
An example where this matters -- a new Mario 64 trick on the Virtual Console version because summing round-towards-zero numbers over a sine wave cycle produces a small delta which builds up over a couple of days to make a jump possible
The only relevant question is: "Will the investigator use ... information ... obtained through ... manipulations of those individuals or their environment for research purposes?"
which could be idly thought of as "I'm just sending an email, what's wrong with that? That's not manipulating their environment".
But I feel they're wrong.
https://grants.nih.gov/policy/humansubjects/hs-decision.htm would seem to agree that it's non-exempt (i.e. potentially problematic) human research if "there will be an interaction with subjects for the collection of ... data (including ... observation of behaviour)" and there's not a well-worn path (survey/public observation only/academic setting/subject agrees to study) with additional criteria.